Notes

Reading #2


• Definition of L. Bruce Archer: “Design research is systematic inquiry whose goal is knowledge of, or in, the embodiment of configuration, composition, structure, purpose, value, and meaning in man-made things and systems.”
• Looking at design research from the design methodology and design science perspectives that is necessary for such a topic
• The objectives of design research are the study, research, and investigation of the artificial made by human beings
• All design research reports are related to the history or past activity of the subject are under study
• Studies of the present are part of the past because every research report has to prove its roots in the past
• Moholy-Nagy became the director of the “New Bauhaus”
• Buckminster Fuller sought to develop a “design science” that would obtain maximum human advantage from a minimal use of energy and materials
• Creativity methods were developed mainly in the U.S. in response to the launching of the first satellite, the Soviet Union’s “sputnik,” which caused the American government to free up quite a lot of money to do research on creativity
• Due to technological developments and the implication of mass production, the interest had to be shifted for hardware and from to the consideration of human needs, this required a new look at the subject of design methods
• System analysis and system theory on design established the grounds for the foundation of “systematic design methods” = “first generation design methods”


Reading #3


• All researches collect many fact, but then must select, organize and classify finding into a coherent pattern
• When we assign a label to a bin, we may or
• may not know how all the contents of the bin fit together, or how this bin relates to another
• The label is not important, but the process of establishing a map or framework of how the research will be conducted and analyzed is.
• Identifying categories early in reading helps, even if some have to be rejected and
• others added but if no attempt has been made, then deciding on categories becomes very difficult and extremely time-consuming.


• Independent, publicly traded American newspapers have lost forty-two per cent of their market value in the past three years
• surrendered more than eighty per cent of its stock value since making the $6.5-billion purchase
• Until recently, newspapers were accustomed to operating as high-margin monopolies
• Since 1990, a quarter of all American newspaper jobs have disappeared
• Philip Meyer, in his book “The Vanishing Newspaper” (2004), predicts that the final copy of the final newspaper will appear on somebody’s doorstep one day in 2043
• Among the most significant aspects of the transition from “dead tree” newspapers to a world of digital information lies in the nature of “news” itself.
• The American newspaper (and the nightly newscast) is designed to appeal to a broad audience, with conflicting values and opinions, by virtue of its commitment to the goal of objectivity. Many newspapers, in their eagerness to demonstrate a sense of balance and impartiality, do not allow reporters to voice their opinions publicly, march in demonstrations, volunteer in political campaigns, wear political buttons, or attach bumper stickers to their cars.
• A liberal version of the Deweyan community took longer to form, in part because it took liberals longer to find fault with the media.